World Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) Day

World MRSA Day is observed on the 2nd of October each year, the anniversary of MRSA’s discovery by Professor Patricia Jevons when she first observed Staphylococcus aureus that was resistant to the antibiotic Methicillin. The purpose of the day is to educate the wider community as to the significance that Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has on health and health care systems around the world.

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a part of normal skin flora; the bacteria is not usually a cause for concern. S. aureus can cause infection; however, it is readily treated with regular antibiotics. MRSA, however, is a strain that is resistant to an antibiotic called methicillin which makes treatment difficult. MRSA can be multi-drug resistant in addition to methicillin and is an important pathogen of concern, monitored by health care systems around the world.

There are two modes of transmission: Direct and Indirect. Direct contact is when an individual encounters MRSA by contaminated hands from an infected person and Indirect contact is when an individual touches a surface contaminated with MRSA. MRSA can be found in the nose, throat or on the skin of carriers. In immunocompromised individuals there is a heightened risk of infection with an increase of morbidity and mortality.

The prevention of MRSA infection involves several strategies:

• Identification of carriers which involves screening of high-risk consumer groups
• Diligent hygiene practices, such as handwashing and use of alcohol-based hand rubs
• Correct utilisation of personal protective equipment (PPE)
• Suitable cleaning and disinfection of surfaces and medical equipment
• Good antimicrobial stewardship practices, to ensure antimicrobials are prescribed and administered correctly.

Unfortunately, due to the rise of the COVID-19 pandemic, many healthcare facilities around the world suspended screening programs for MRSA which has led to an increase in hospital acquired MRSA infections. The increase was made worse due to staff shortages and increases in patient loads.

World MRSA Awareness Month – October